(P/B) ORIGINS OF THE BRONZE AGE OASIS CIVILIZATION IN CENTRAL ASIA

Παρουσίαση

The Murghad River delta, the site of ancient Margiana, was extensively settled during at least part of the Bronze Age, between 2200 and 1750 B.C. Oases in an otherwise desert region, settlements were situated along deltaic branches of the river or canals dug from those branches. Excavations at one of the largest and most complex of these sites, Gonur depe, have been ongoing for many years under the direction of Victor Sarianidi. During the 1988-89 field season, Fred Hiebert excavated part of Gonur in collaboration with the Ministry of Culture of Turkmenistan and the Institute of Archaeology in Moscow.
Published here, the results provide a key to understanding the large corpus of material of the Bactro-Margiana Archaeological Complex extracted over the past 30 years from this and neighboring sites of the Oxus civilization. (From the publisher)

Περιεχόμενα

Introduction
1. Region of Study
Physical Environment
Paleoclimate
Cultural Geography
2. Bronze Age Sites of Margiana
Northern Sites
Southern Sites
Eastern Sites
Site Distribution
3. Stratigraphic Excavations at Gonur
Deep Sounding on Gonur North
The Stratigraphy
Ceramics and Small Finds
4. Relative Chronology and Ceramics of Margiana
Classification of Margiana Ceramics
Surface Treatment
Coarseware Ceramics
5. Absolute Chronology and Radiocarbon Dates
New Radiocarbon Dates
Parallels
6. The Earliest Architecture at Gonur Depe
Bronze Age House
Surrounding Rooms
Ceramics
Stratigraphy below Architecture
Other Architecture on the North Mound
Architectural Comparison
Earliest Monumental Architecture at Gonur
Architectural Parallels
7. The Period 2 (BMAC) Architecture
Methods of Excavations
Stratigraphy
The Exterior Wall
Collaborative Excavations at Row 2
North Side
Northeast Side
West Side, Rows 3 through 8
8. The Domestic Economy of Gonur
The Paleoethnobotanical Record
Faunal Remains
9. The Development of the BMAC
Locally Available Materials
Imported Materials
The Bactrian-Margiana Archaeological Complex
10. Trends and Traditions in Central Asian Culture History
The Chronology Presented in This Study
Establishment of the Central Asian Pattern
Origins of the Central Asian Bronze Age Tradition
The Mature Bronze Age of Central Asia
Namazga VI
Pioneer Architecture
The BMAC Oasis Culture: Period 2 (2000-1750 BCE)