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METEOROLOGY FOR MARINERS // FOR THE CADETS OF THE MERCHANT M

METEOROLOGY FOR MARINERS

FOR THE CADETS OF THE MERCHANT MARINE ACADEMIES

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ΤΣΙΜΙΝΟΣ ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΣ
Κωδ. Πολιτείας: 5594-0632
Τιμή Έκδοσης
€36.00
Τιμή Πολιτείας
€25.20
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Παρουσίαση

Marine environmental conditions have a particular impact on navigation, life and daily activities on board ships. A navigator would not show so much interest in meteorology or oceanography, if they were to navigate only on calm seas and nice weather. But the sea would never forgive an incompetent sailor. Therefore, throughout the history of navigation, sailors were interested in knowing both the sea and the surrounding natural phenomena, be them hospitable or hostile. On rough sea, or in difficult areas, the life of the crew can be very tough and the ship and her cargo may be endangered. Winds, waves, fog, rain, storms have all been observed and recorded, becoming the objects of study for marine meteorology and oceanography. They have been introduced into the curriculum of marine education worldwide. At sea, ships are subjected to the action of Meteo-oceanographical factors, which can generate different dangerous phenomena that make navigation difficult, worsen the storage conditions of goods on board, increase the voyage execution time, increase fuel consumption and ship's wear, or affect her stability, thus creating
stressful living conditions for the crew members, to say nothing about the threats upon navigation and ship's safety. In bad weather conditions, loading and unloading port and fishing operations are stopped, vessels go to shelter in the inner or exterior roadsteads, sail in high seas or lie a hull. Given that any vessel, regardless of her robustness and propulsion, is not guaranteed against loss or damage caused by severe weather phenomena, it is necessary to have
thorough knowledge of the influence of meteorological parameters on navigation. The analysis of a vessel's cargo and crew safety is closely related to the economic factor, to the profitability of the voyage. It is necessary to choose the safest route, the one that fulfils the best economic performance criteria, so as to be able to prepare the ship and crew for navigation in bad weather. (From the publisher)

Περιεχόμενα

Introduction
Basic meteorology terms
1. Weather and Climate
What is the difference between weather and climate?
The Earth's Atmosphere, Composition and Structure
Introduction
Composition of the atmosphere
1.3 Atmospheric structure
1.4 The past and future of the atmosphere
1.5 KEY TERMS
1.6 Water Vapours
1.7 Air - Sea interaction
1.8 The Transfer of Heat Energy
1.9 Solar radiation
1.10 Effects of the atmosphere
1.11 Average radiation budgets
2. Heat and Temperature
Heat
Temperature
Heat Dissemination - Exchange
Temperature alteration due to height
Temperature Measurement Units
Temperature measuring instruments
Heat - Temperature relationship
How the Atmosphere's Air is heated
Air Temperature Changes
3. Atmospheric pressure
Introduction - Torricelli's experiment
Change in atmospheric pressure on the Earth's surface
Atmospheric pressure measuring instruments
The wind
Wind measurement
Wind regulating forces
Types of Winds
Geostrophic Wind
Gradient force Wind
Friction Effect - Buys-Ballot Law
Wind Measurement Units - The Beaufort scale
True and Apparent Wind
Periodic Winds
Daily Winds
Local Winds
The Monsoons
Causes of monsoons creation
4. The Hydrologic cycle
Introduction
Response to global temperatures
Humidity - Humidity measurement sizes
Humidity Measuring Instruments
Clouds, Cloudy Skies, Types of Clouds
Visibility - Fog and Mist
Types of Fog. Fog Forecast at Sea
Atmospheric Precipitation
5. Storms
Introduction
The Thunderstorm Life Cycle
6. Air Masses
Introduction
The main characteristics of the air masses
7. Fronts - Types of Fronts
8. Tornado
Introduction
Types of tornadoes
Tornado rating scales
Funnel cloud
Life cycle - Tornado genesis
Types
Intensity and damage
9. Squall and squall line
10. TROPICAL CYCLONES. DESCRIPTION AND CAUSES
Introduction
Definitions
Areas of Occurrence
Origin, Season and Frequency
Formation
Structure
Life Cycle
Hazards
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale
Tropical Cyclone Encounter from the Mariner's Perspective
Tropical Cyclone Forecasts
11. Tropical Cyclone Forecast Products
Marine Forecast Products
AVOIDING TROPICAL CYCLONES
Approach and Passage of a Tropical Cyclone
Statistical Analysis of Barometric Pressure
Maneuvering to Avoid the Storm Center
12. Waves
How ocean waves are formed
Wave power
Measuring wave height
Factors affecting the characteristics of ocean waves
Wave reflection from cliffs, breakwater
Shallow water effect on waves
Effect of tidal current waves
Tsunamis - The great waves
Tide induced waves
Rogue waves
Ship safety in big seas
13. Ocean currents
Introduction
Distribution of ocean currents
Weather forecasts
Weather Prediction
Reliability of Weather Forecasts
How Do Meteorologists Predict The Weather
SURFACE WEATHER ANALYSIS CHART
WEATHER SYMBOL CONVENTION AND METEO SYMBOLS
Weather Forecast Instruments
14. BASIC WEATHER OBSERVATIONS
Introduction
Atmospheric Pressure
Adjusting Barometer Readings
Temperature
Humidity
Wind Measurement
True and Apparent Wind
WIND AND WAVES. Effects of Wind on the Sea
Estimating the Wind at Sea
Wind Speed Calculating Factors
Visibility Measurement
Upper Air Observations
New Technologies in Weather Observing
Recording Observations
Bibliography
Λεπτομέρειες
ISBN139786182014028
Εκδότης24 ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ
ΣειράEDUCATION
Χρονολογία ΈκδοσηςΜάρτιος 2022
Αριθμός σελίδων251
Διαστάσεις24x17
Κωδικός Πολιτείας5594-0632
Θέμα
Θέση στο κατάστημαΕίσοδος Γ

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