ΕΠΙΚΤΗΤΟΣ
Ο Επίκτητος [Epictetus, 50 μ.Χ. - 138 μ.Χ.], ήταν Έλληνας στωικός φιλόσοφος.
Ο Επίκτητος αναφέρεται ως παιδί δούλων και φέρεται ότι γεννήθηκε στην Ιεράπολη της Φρυγίας (Izmit, σημερινή Τουρκία), εξ ου ενίοτε και το προσωνύμιο Ιεραπολίτης. Φθάνοντας στη Ρώμη, τον αγόρασε ο Επαφρόδιτος, ο οποίος ήταν απελεύθερος του Νέρωνα.
Ο Επίκτητος ανέπτυξε ένα φιλοσοφικό σύστημα που θεμελίωνε σε βάσεις από την ηθική του Σενέκα και το οποίο ήταν κυρίως ένα είδος θρησκευτικής διδασκαλίας που έμοιαζε πολύ με τον χριστιανισμό. Επίκεντρο της φιλοσοφίας του Επίκτητου είναι ο άνθρωπος και η εκπαιδευτική αγωγή του με έμφαση στην ηθική. Το θέμα της ελεύθερης βούλησης ("προαίρεσις") είναι σημαντικό στο φιλοσοφικό σύστημα του Επίκτητου.
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